Different exposure methods to neonicotinoids influenced biochemical characte

We measured lipid, carbohydrate and protein content in three strains of cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from very resistant to neonicotinoids up to semi sensitive and sensitive strains in different exposure method of spraying to neonicotinoids. We observed changes in energy source rates at which each substrate was metabolised under starvation, selection and residue stress method spraying that assist in metabolisation of their biochemical parameters. These particular exposure methods influence... read more

Properties of Dioctyl Adjuvant

under the brand name of Dioctyl and as a wetting and dispersing agent is considered in the pesticide industry due to having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties and regarding its special chemical structure, but what is less noticed is its insecticidal properties. The chemical formula of sodium salt is C20H37NaO7S. Its oral toxicity for female mice is 1900 mg/kg. Its acidity in aqueous medium is between 6.5 to 7.5.

This combination has many properties that makes it special:

1. pest... read more